These results support the notion that plant essential oils and extracts may have a role as pharmaceuticals and preservatives. There are many antimicrobial, antibiotic and antibacterial essential oils that may be hugely beneficial to fighting existing infections as well as preventing them in the first place. This study was designed to examine the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oil and various extracts obtained from aerial parts of thymus eigii. Discs were impregnated with 10 l of the test dilutions, allowed to dry and placed onto inoculated plates. Basil ocimum basilicum essential oils terpenoids salmonella, bacteria 2.
Antimicrobial activity of four essential oils extracted. It is necessary to investigate those plants scientifically which have been used in. Using soxhlet ethanol extraction to produce and test plant. Among the eight essential oils evaluated, thyme, oregano and pennyroyal oils showed the greatest antimicrobial activity, followed by rosemary, peppermint and verbena, while basil and mint showed the weakest antimicrobial activity. These new antimicrobial agents could be hidden in medicinal plant extracts and essential oils. Antibiofilm activity of essential oils and plant extracts. As the issue of antimicrobial resistance continues to grow, there is a renewed interest in deriving antimicrobial products from natural compounds, particularly extracts from plant materials. Antimicrobial activity of mint essential oils journal of.
Two types of multipurpose essential oil blends, blend11 containing eleven different essential oils and blend12 containing twelve, were tested against bacterial strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 9027, serratia marcescens atcc 880 and staphylococcus aureus atcc 6538 and against the fungi, candida albicans atcc 10231, aspergillus fumigatus atcc 10894 and fusarium solani atcc 36031 to. Abstractessential oils and many components from medicinal plant extracts have been long known for their antimicrobial activity. They found that garlic and clove extracts inhibited the growth of candida acutus, c. To ascertain the essential oil phytochemicals of the leaf and to test for the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of dichloromethane crude extract of barringtonia asiatica leaf. Zone inhibition mm of aqueous extracts of eleven plant species and two antibiotics on. Antibacterial activity of the essential oils of salvia.
In this undergraduate analytical chemistry experiment, students quantitatively assess the antibacterial activity of essential oils found in thyme leaves thymus vulgaris in an authentic, researchlike environment. The antimicrobial activity of plant oils and extracts has been recognized for many years. Out of 21 essential oils tested, 19 oils showed antibacterial activity against one or more strains. Antimicrobial activity of propolis and essential oils and. Antibacterial properties of hemp and other natural fibre. A wide range of medicinal and aromatic plants maps have been explored for their essential oils in the past few decades. The essential oils are considered among the most important antimicrobial agents present in these plants, and may also have antioxidant and antiinflammatory activities.
Journal of applied microbiology1999, 86, 985990 antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts k. Determination of antibacterial activity8,9 antimicrobial activity of the essential oils extracted was determined against reference microbial strains. Studies on some plant extracts for their antimicrobial. Essential oils are employed in aromatherapy and for the treatment of several diseases including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, alzheimer s, cancer 9. Riley1,2 1department of microbiology, the university of western australia, and2the western australian centre for pathology. Antifungal activity and detoxification of aflatoxins by plant. Application of plant derived compounds to control fungal spoilage and mycotoxin production in foods. The extract essential oil was tested against the following bacteria. In vitro antibacterial activity of some plant essential oils. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and extracts of. Pdf antimicrobial activity of the aqueous extract of.
This paper presents a comparison of the chemical composition and biological activity of the volatile fraction essential oil solution of rhizomes of two plant species, silphium trifoliatum l. Plants and other natural sources can provide a huge range of complex and structurally diverse compounds. In the present study, 52 plant oils and extracts were investigated for activity against acinetobacter baumanii, aeromonas veronii biogroup sobria, candida albicans, enterococcus. Journal of applied microbiology 1999, 86 6, 985990. In vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the. In vitro antibacterial activity of several plant extracts and oils against some gramnegative. It is in view of this, that the present research was set up to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of, using different.
The gcms analysis of the essential oil revealed 42 compounds. However, if plant oils and extracts are to be used for food preservation or medicinal purposes, issues of safety and toxicity will need to be addressed. Belas ahmed khan, a philip warner, b and hao wang a, intervention against pathogenic bacteria using natural plant material has a long history. Antibacterial activity of essential oils and their major constituents by gaseous contact. In summary, this study confirms that many essential oils and plant extracts possess in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity. A study of antimicrobial activity of few medicinal herbs. Riley1,2 1department of microbiology, the university of western australia, and2the western australian centre for pathology and medical research, queen elizabeth ii medical centre, nedlands, western australia. Since ancient times the crude herbal extracts of aromatic plants have been in use for different purposes, such as food, drugs and perfumery heath, 1981. Essential oils or many of their constituents are in fact effective against a large variety of organisms they can be very well used as alternatives to synthetic chemicals.
In vitro activities of some essential oils and plant extracts of some medicinal plants against 89 brucella melitensis isolates was determined by disc diffusion method at a concentration of 5%. Essential oils were proved to be good sources of bioactive compounds, with antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. Regardless, essential oils are a highly concentrated extraction from plants and need to be used with proper education. Researchers are currently looking for new antibiotics in alternative sources. Chemical analysis and antimicrobial activity of teucrium. Antimicrobial activity of propolis and essential oils and synergism between these natural products probst is 1, sforcin jm 1, rall vlm 1, fernandes aah 2, fernandes junior a 1 1 department of microbiology and immunology, botucatu biosciences institute, sao paulo state university unesp. The essential oils started to be gradually used in the production of perfumes, foodstuffs or beverages. The test bacterial organisms used were the grampositive bacterial strains, micrococcus luteus mtcc 2470 and staphylococcus aureus mtcc 96, and gramnegative bacteria viz. Several compounds of essential oils are considered to possess biological activites. This multiweek experiment aims to instill green chemistry principles as intrinsic to chemical problem solving. The essential oil was particularly found to possess stronger antimicrobial activity, whereas other nonpolar extracts and subfractions showed moderate activity and polar extracts remained almost inactive. Antimicrobial activity of eucalyptus major and eucalyptus. Many plant parts contain oils that can be extracted.
Antibacterial activity of some medicinal plant extracts. Grampositive bacteria staphyloccocus aureus 001, s. Students progress through various techniques including extraction. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant. The antimicrobial activity of essential oils and extracts of some medicinal plants grown in ash shoubak region south of jordan mohammad sanad abudarwish 1, ezz aldein muhammed alramamneh 2. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils of cultivated oregano. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils of eucalyptus. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations were 003% vv thyme oil against c. Comparison of antimicrobial activity of essential oils, plant extracts and methylparaben in cosmetic emulsions.
The evaluation of essential oils for antimicrobial activity. The composition of the selected essential oils was confirmed using gcms with a flame ionization detector. Natural products have been studied aiming to understand their biological properties. Avoiding pitfalls in determining antimicrobial activity of. Antimicrobial activity of some essential oilspresent status. Throughout evolution, plants have developed adaptation mechanisms as a response to stress caused by abiotic or biotic factors 12 da cruz cabral l, fernandez pinto v, patriarca a. Escherichia coli, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus agalactiae and candida albicans showed the highest resistance to these extracts. Antimicrobial activities of essential oils and crude. All of the essential oils examined exhibited antibacterial activity, which generally increased in the following order. Escherichia coli atcc 25922 and bacillus cereus atcc 10876 and two gram. Original article antimicrobial activities of essential oils and crude extracts from tropical citrus spp. Ethanol and hexane extracts of oregano, clove, sage, rosemary, and celery exerted relatively strong antimicrobial activities against e.
Recently, many researchers have focused on the investigation of plant and microbial extracts, essential oils, pure secondary metabolites and new synthetized molecules as potential antimicrobial agents. Studies on some plant extracts for their antimicrobial potential against certain pathogenic microorganisms 211. Phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activities of. Dec 20, 2016 arora and kaur observed the antimicrobial activity of essential oils extracted from spices against fungal pathogens. Study of the antimicrobial activity and synergistic effect. Evaluation of synergistic antimicrobial activity and. Essential oils are natural products that are synthesized by the plant and stored in their cells. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil and the.
The cytotoxic capacity of the essential oils based on prooxidant activity can render them excellent antiseptic. The plant extracts were diluted in deionised water across a concentration range of 5 mgml to 0. The antimicrobial properties of essential oils have been recognized for many years. Evaluation of antimicrobial activity of different solvent. Subsequently, the extract can be tested for its antimicrobial activity.
Antimicrobial activity of multipurpose essential oil blends. Since ancient times, herbs and their essential oils have been known for their varying degrees of antimicrobial activity 6789. Extraction and antibacterial properties of thyme leaf. The microdilution minimum inhibitory concentration mic assay was undertaken, whereby the fractional inhibitory. The antibacterial activity of plant extracts was determined by using a diffusion to agar method and model system of sausages. Essential oils have great potential in the field of biomedicine as they effectively destroy several bacterial, fungal, and viral. Nov 30, 2006 the mic of the active essential oils were tested using two fold agar dilution method at concentrations ranging from 0. Comparison of chemical composition, antioxidant and. The antimicrobial activity of lavandula angustifolia essential oil was assessed in combination with 45 other oils to establish possible interactive properties. In vitro antibacterial activity of some plant essential.
The highest antimicrobial potentials were observed for the extracts of caryophyllus aromaticus and syzygyum joabolanum, which inhibited 64. The phytochemical screening of essential oils, extraction by hydrodistillation using the clevenger apparatus, and analysis performed by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization. The minimum inhibitory concentration mic of the plant extracts was determined by the disc diffusion method across a range of doses. Antimicrobial activity of different aqueous lemon extracts. Antibacterial activity of essential oils and plant extracts of artemisia artemisia annua l. In vitro alireza massiha,1 mohammadreza majid khoshkholghpahlaviani, 2 khosro issazadeh, 1 sirus bidarigh, 3 saeed zarrabi4 1. It was found that methanol extracts exhibited higher antibacterial activity than aqueous extracts. Antimicrobial activity of some essential oils and major. Dec 25, 2001 in particular, the antimicrobial activity of plant oils and extracts has formed the basis of many applications, including raw and processed food preservation, pharmaceuticals, alternative medicine and natural therapies reynolds 1996.
In vitro antimicrobial activity and antagonistic effect of. Evidencebased complementary and alternative medicine hindawi. The used test microorganisms and their origins are listed in table 2. The chemical compositions of the essential oil as well as the in vitro antimicrobial activities were investigated. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of six essential. Between 1997 and 2008, 25% of publications in south africa used only disk diffusion methods to determine antimicrobial activity of extracts van vuuren. Table ii shows mid values obtained under closed conditions. In the present study, 52 plant oils and extracts were investigated for activity against acinetobacter baumanii, aeromonas veronii biogroup sobria, candida albicans, enterococcus faecalis, escherichia col, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella enterica subsp.
Essential oils extracted by supercritical co 2, hexane and hydrodistillation. Antibacterial activity of essential oils and their major. Dec 25, 2001 the antimicrobial activity of plant oils and extracts has been recognized for many years. Antibacterial and antifungal activities the antimicrobial activity of teucrium polium essential oils has been investigated on different bacteria and yeast. Essential oils were analyzed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry gcms. Antibacterial properties of hemp and other natural fibre plants. This paper describes how essential oil can be extracted from the common herb, thyme thymus vulgaris in the classroom. This research highlights the chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oils and various crude extracts using methanol and methylene chloride from syzygium cumini leaves. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from plants against selected pathogenic and saprophytic microorganisms. In vitro antibacterial activity of several plant extracts and. However, few investigations have compared large numbers of oils and extracts using methods that are directly comparable.
Dec 14, 2012 comparison of chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of lavender lavandula angustifolia l. Antibacterial activity of essential oils and plant. Plant materials also have been widely used as fillers andor reinforcers in. The antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and phytochemicals was evaluated with antibiotic susceptible and. Antimicrobial activity of six essential oils against a. Results of antimicrobial activity of the five plant extracts can suggested that s. Most of the essential oils considered in this study exhibited a significant inhibitory effect. Comparison of antimicrobial activity of essential oils, plant. Essential oils are complex volatile compounds, synthesized naturally in different plant parts during the process of secondary metabolism. Under the title of each plant, from which extract eo was obtained, there is stated a number of analysis providing particular results. However, few investigations have compared large numbers of oils and extracts using methods that are directly. Phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the.
Variability in chemical composition and antimicrobial. Chemical characterization and biological activity bahare salehi 1,2, marco valussi 3, maria flaviana bezerra moraisbraga 4, joara nalyda pereira carneiro 4, antonio linkoln alves borges leal 4, henrique douglas melo coutinho 4, sara vitalini 5, dorota kregiel. The cytotoxic capacity of the essential oils based on prooxidant activity. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils of eucalyptus camaldulensis from mali nah traore a, sekou bouare a, lassine. However, antimicrobial activity changed also by in vitro interactions between antibiotics and thymus eigii essential oil, also between essential oils of these plants and that of thymus eigii causing synergic, additive, antagonist. The antimicrobial activity of orange oil extracted by steam distillation from peels of orange fruits citrus sinensis was screened against some medically important microorganisms. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of thyme and. Antibacterial activity of essential oils and plant extracts. Linallol l, citronellol, geraniol, 6octen1ol, 3,7dimethyl, formate and selinene were identified as.
On expressing the antibacterial activity of plant extracts e a small. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and other plant extracts. Arora and kaur observed the antimicrobial activity of essential oils extracted from spices against fungal pathogens. The microdilution assay in the fluid medium was used to determine the mics of essential oils and plant extracts. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of twentyseven essential oils eos used in aromatherapy procedures, a natural therapy with great emphasis currently used against staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.
Antimicrobial properties of plant essential oils against. The results of this investigation suggest that essential oils derived from the myrtaceae may serve as green alternatives for the control of mosquitoes andor complementary antimicrobial agents. May 22, 2019 there has been a move away from using agar diffusion methods to determine the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts with the aim of discovering new antibiotics. The present study emphasizes the screening and combinations of medicinal plants extracts against acnecausing bacteria and antibacterial activity of these plant extracts. It was found that most plant extracts studied had antibacterial and antifungal activities. Antimicrobial activity of some plant extracts against. Plant essential oils and extracts have been used for many thousands of years, in food preservation, pharmaceuticals, alternative medicine and natural therapies 23, 24. Pdf the antimicrobial activity of essential oils and. The mechanism of reaction of essential oils and their components is unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of twentyseven essential oils eos used in. The strains are deposited in the microbial culture collection. Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity. Antibacterial activities of three solvents extracts of camellia sinensis, azadirachta indica, and cassia acutifolia was carried out using disc diffusion method against.
The antimicrobial activity of essential oils has been the subject of numerous investigations 1. An important indicator of antimicrobial activity is the development of microorganisms and the difference in their numbers towards samples of whey without the addition of essential oils and extracts. Antibacterial activity of plant extracts 247 brazilian journal of microbiology 2000 31. Antimicrobial activity of eucalyptus camaldulensis dehn. The antimicrobial activity of plant oils and extracts has formed the basis of many applications, including raw and processed food preservation, pharmaceuticals, alternative medicine and natural therapies 1. Lemon species might have antimicrobial activity against different grampositive, gramnegative and yeast. In vitro antimicrobial potential of crude extracts and chemical compositions of essential oils of leaves of mentha piperita l native to the sultanate of oman. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of crude extracts. The development of new antimicrobial agents against resistant pathogens is increasing interest. In vitro antibacterial activity of several plant extracts. Department of microbiology, faculty of basic sciences, islamic azad university, lahijan, iran 2. Comparison of the antibacterial activity of essential oils. Study of the antimicrobial activity and synergistic effect of. Antibacterial screening methods for evaluation of natural.
Somboro a, baba fofana a, ousmane tangara a, drissa diallo b, jean c. Cinnamon, clove, geranium, lemon, lime, orange and rosemary oils exhibited significant inhibitory effect. The evaluation of essential oils for antimicrobial activity abstract the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria is of pressing concern as health care associated infections kill 99,000 people a year in the u. The antimicrobial activity of the thyme essential oil and of thymol has been evaluated in other studies. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and extracts of oleogum resins from boswellia papyrifera tarak tarak grown in some parts of the sudan three samples kordofan, damazine and nagawa of oleogum resins of boswellia papyrifera grown in some parts of sudan were subjected to screening with the objective of evaluating their antimicrobial. One of the significant medicinal plants is eucalyptus camaldulensis. Twenty of the plant oils and extracts were investigated, using a broth microdilution method, for activity against c. Therefore, the methanolic extracts from different parts of four medicinal plants used locally in folk medicine were evaluated for antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial impacts of essential oils and their chemical components have been recognized by several researchers in the past 3, 10.